Numerical analyzes of mechanical behavior of Badgirs, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)

The aerodynamic aspects are examined numerically by using FLUENT. The numerical method employed for this research is based on a 3D finite volume method. 

FACTORS CONSIDERED IN THESE CALCULATIONS: Different wind speeds; different temperatures;different wind incident angles; humidity; building materials (clay soil); thickness of the walls; full and empty fountain; location openings and different surfaces.

The direction of wind at different angles: 0°, 15°, 30° and 45°.

Results for angle 0°.

Results for angle 30°.

The pressure is negative in channel B, C and D. Maximal velocity in channel A.

For 32° wind angle, the velocity vectors are smoother in channel B and D. Moreover, the velocity vectors in these two channels are to some extent identical with channel C. Therefore, it can be deduced for this condition that the wind enters channel A and then smoothly and uniformly exits from the three remaining channels.
In summary, the smoother flow with one channel as an inhale part and three other channels as exhale parts of the Badgir tower occurs at the 32° wind angle. Since at this condition, three exhaling channels have identical velocity vector distributions. That means each of these three channels bears the same portion of air conducted to the outside.